Vol. 57 No. 5 (2025)

This study examines integrating the Schrödinger equation with classical mechanics using a virtual axis-to-dimensional expansion. One-dimensional material fluctuations are viewed in a two-dimensional plane, explaining the random nature of these fluctuations and their spatial and temporal trajectories. A quantum-consistent force field is proposed, with its strength determined by the Planck constant and inversely proportional to the distance from the stationary point. Newton

AISI 1045 medium-carbon steel is widely used for machining because of its excellent machinability. It balances strength and workability in various manufacturing applications, including machinery parts, gears, mold pins, automotive parts, crankshafts, bolts, and studs. The most significant disadvantage of AISI 1045 machining is that if the cutting parameters are not managed appropriately, it can affect the efficiency of the machining process, which involves tool life and product surface finish at dry cutting conditions. This study aims to determine suitable cutting parameters for AISI 1045,…

The increasing global shift towards renewable energy (RE) has amplified the need for efficient and cost-effective DC/AC converters in photovoltaic (PV) systems. This paper focuses on evaluating the performance of reduced structure inverters, specifically the Three Switch Three Phase Inverter (TSTPI) and the Four Switch Three Phase Inverter (FSTPI), both operating under Direct Torque Control (DTC), for low-power PV applications. A novel DTC strategy has been developed and applied to the TSTPI to improve control precision and overall performance. Through extensive simulations in…

This study presents an environmentally friendly and scalable method for synthesizing high-quality few-layer graphene (FLG) through a combination of turbulence-assisted shear exfoliation (TASE) and high shear exfoliation (HSE) techniques. By systematically varying the high-shear mixer (HSM) speed (3000–5000 rpm) and processing time (1–3 hours), we precisely controlled key material attributes, including the number of graphene layers, crystallinity, lateral size, and defect density. Optimal conditions (5000 rpm, 3 hours) resulted in FLG with ~2–3 layers, confirmed by a symmetric 2D peak with a…

High-rise reinforced concrete (RC) buildings are highly vulnerable to seismic forces due to their ‎inherent structural limitations, necessitating effective energy dissipation mechanisms. Conventional ‎damping strategies often fail to adequately control excessive vibrations, leading to potential ‎structural damage. Fluid Viscous Dampers (FVDs) offer a novel approach by significantly ‎improving energy dissipation and reducing seismic responses. However, the optimal configuration, ‎placement, and quantity of FVDs in high-rise buildings remain insufficiently explored, ‎necessitating this study.…

Supercapacitor is one of the energy storage systems known for their high-power density, long cycle life, and good cycling stability. To improve supercapacitor performance, we used a polymer PAN composite titanium dioxide (TiO2) as the separator material. Nanofiber separator membranes of PAN/TiO₂ with various masses (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) were successfully synthesized using the electrospinning technique. The addition of TiO2 for modified fiber, due to its high absorption rate for energy storage, increased electrolyte uptake and optimized supercapacitor performance. The morphology,…

This paper presents an analysis of the data collected from the full-scale trial embankment implemented in the Semarang-Demak Toll Road project, part of a national strategic project in Central Java, Indonesia. The project integrates a sea dike with a road embankment. The main challenge of the project lies in constructing the embankment on soft soil layers up to 40 meters thick. The road embankment is designed to reach a height of 6 meters above Mean Sea Level (MSL) or 8 meters above the average seabed level. In the absence of ground improvement techniques—such as bamboo mattress, prefabricated…

This study presents an integrated simulation approach to optimize biomass combustion using sugarcane bagasse as a renewable feedstock. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was employed to model combustion hydrodynamics, while Aspen Plus was used to simulate pyrolysis product distribution based on Gibbs free energy minimization. The simulation involved key parameters such as air-fuel ratio, excess air level (100% and 200%), and combustion temperature profiles, which were validated against experimental data from a lab-scale grate-fired furnace. The pyrolysis results revealed that increasing the…

Diesel generators (gensets) are essential in India for industries, construction, agriculture, and as backup power for hospitals and data centres. Common fuels include diesel, petrol, natural gas, and, increasingly, solar energy, with hybrid systems gaining popularity for improved efficiency and reduced emissions. Diesel gensets remain reliable and cost-effective, especially in remote areas, but growing environmental concerns are driving adoption of cleaner alternatives like compressed natural gas (CNG), bio-CNG, and dual-fuel systems. HCNG (hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas) gensets…

The aim of this study is to figure whether adding more cementitious elements like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and silica fume impacts the strength and durability of concrete. Concrete samples were put together with water-to-binder (w/b) ratios of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 after 28, 56, and 90 days of curing. After that, these ratios were tested before being employed. After 90 days, when 60% of the cement was replaced with fly ash at a water-to-binder (w/b) ratio of 0.3, the compressive strength reached 55.56 MPa. This is in contrast to the compressive strength of 32.89 MPa…