Vol. 49 No. 3 (2017)

This paper reconsiders the properties of Hawking radiation in the inner horizon of a Reissner-Nordström black hole. Through the correlation between temperature and surface gravity, it is concluded that the temperature of the inner horizon is always negative and that of the outer horizon is always positive. Since negative temperature is hotter than any positive temperature, it is predicted that particle radiation from the inner horizon will move toward the outer horizon. However, unlike temperature, entropy in both horizons remains positive. Following the definition of negative temperature in…

HKUST-1 [Cu3(1,3,5-BTC)2] (BTC = 1,3,5-benzene-tri-carboxylate) was synthesized using an electrochemical method and tested for hydrogen storage. The obtained material showed a remarkably higher hydrogen uptake over reported HKUST-1 and reached until 4.75 wt% at room temperature and low pressure up to 1.2 bar. This yield was compared to HKUST-1 obtained from the solvothermal method, which showed a hydrogen uptake of only 1.19 wt%. Enhancement of hydrogen sorption of the electro-synthesized product was due to the more appropriate surface area and pore size, effected by the preferable physical…

We propose a model for predicting the fluctuation of electron states in thin films as a function of film thickness. The model is derived based on the assumption of the existence of potential barrier fluctuation on the film surface. Since the wave functions of electrons in the film are determined by the boundary conditions of the potential on the film surface, the potential fluctuation on the film surface implies fluctuation of the electron states in the film. The model was extended to predict the effect of size on the lattice constant of thin films or nanoparticles.

Developing an effective pretreatment for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol is an important effort in reducing the cost of this process. Microwave-assisted pretreatment is considered a green technology that can effectively break down lignocellulosic structures. The objective of this study was to investigate the most effective temperature for microwave-assisted oxalic acid pretreatment regarding the structural characteristic changes of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) fibers. The fibers were subjected to microwave-assisted oxalic acid pretreatment at 160"“200 °C with 2.5…

Intact monoclonal antibodies with a high molecular weight tend to have a poor pharmacokinetic profile and tumor penetration, and potential for eliciting host antibody responses. F(ab’)2 fragments smaller than intact monoclonal antibodies that still maintain antigen binding could solve this problem. The objective of this study was to optimize the digestion process of nimotuzumab, an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, into its F(ab’)2 fragment and investigate its potential as a therapeutic radioimmunoconjugate. Optimal conditions for digestion of nimotuzumab to its F(ab’)2 fragment were found…

In this article, a new linear differential operator I^k (L_s^a (a_l,b_m )f(z)) is defined by using the Hadamard product of the q-hypergeometric function and a function related to the Hurwitz-Lerch zeta function. By using this linear differential operator, a new subclass L_(s,a)^(k,*) (α_l,β_m;A,B,b) of meromorphic functions is defined. Some properties and characteristics of this subclass are considered. These include the coefficient inequalities, the growth and distortion properties and the radii of meromorphic starlikeness and meromorphic convexity. Finally, closure theorems and extreme…

This paper presents a new general family of estimators to estimate the population mean of study variable y in the presence of non-response when utilizing a known coefficient of variation of study variable y. The expressions for bias, mean squared error (MSE), and minimum mean squared error (MMSE) of the proposed family of estimators are derived up to the first degree of approximation. In addition, a numerical example and a simulation study are presented to explain the performance of the proposed estimators. It was shown that the proposed estimators perform better compared to all other…