Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026)

This study maps public emotions in Indonesian-language tweets related to the 2025 UTBK announcement using multi-label emotion classification. The main challenges in multi-label emotion classification on social media include extreme label imbalance, distribution shift between training and application data, and weak lexical signals for specific emotions. This study aims to build a reliable emotion modeling framework for long-tail social media corpora while demonstrating generalizable post-training calibration practices. The novelty lies in the integration of four components: (1) per-label…

This study aims to design and implement an Arduino-based alginate mixer control system with Nextion Display as the user interface. This system was developed to improve the accuracy of mixing time and maintain the consistency of mixing results in the production process. The method used is a design with an experimental approach through testing several variations of stirring time and comparison with a conventional manual timer-based system. The parameters observed include time error and viscosity values of the mixing results. The test results show that the Arduino-based system has better time…

Modernization of meteorological observation systems at the Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG) is necessary, particularly for soil temperature and soil water content parameters that are still commonly measured using conventional methods. This study presents the design and evaluation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring system to improve observation efficiency. The system integrates PT100 sensors to measure soil temperature at depths of 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 cm, and Capacitive Soil Moisture v2.0 sensors to measure volumetric soil water content at depths of…

Congestion at signalized intersections is often triggered by the use of fixed-time controllers that are unresponsive to the dynamics of traffic volume, queue length, and vehicle heterogeneity. This study aims to design an adaptive traffic light control system based on a Mamdani-type Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) by integrating three input variables: the number of vehicles, queue length, and vehicle type/size. The novelty of this research lies in the use of the vehicle type variable as an explicit input within the FLC model. The system was designed by determining the universe of discourse,…

Sunshine duration (SD) is an important meteorological parameter for climate analysis and solar energy planning. In Indonesia, SD measurement still heavily relies on manual Campbell–Stokes (CS) recorders, which are prone to subjective errors, labor-intensive, and unreliable under cloudy conditions. This study develops a low-cost IoT-based SD logger using a solar cell and an INA219 sensor to estimate direct solar radiation. An ESP32 microcontroller processes the data, supported by an RTC module and an SD card for timestamping and local storage. Calibration was performed against Copernicus…

Efficient irrigation management and real-time environmental monitoring are crucial for improving agricultural productivity and optimizing water use, especially in small-scale and urban farming systems. This study presents the development and experimental evaluation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based environmental monitoring and automated irrigation system for agricultural applications. The system integrates a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller with capacitive soil moisture, soil pH, and DHT11 temperature sensors to monitor key environmental parameters. Data are transmitted via Wi-Fi to the…

Water level monitoring is generally still done manually. To improve monitoring effectiveness, a real-time water level monitoring system was designed using an aquarium simulator. This simulator represents three scenario conditions: Normal, Alert, and Danger. This system uses an ultrasonic sensor to measure water levels, a microcontroller as a data processor, and a wireless communication module to transmit data to a central server. The collected data is displayed on a local display for easy access by readers. Through testing, this system demonstrated an accuracy of 96,43% with a swift data…

Coffee bean quality control is a critical stage in processing industries to meet export and consumption standards. Traditional visual manual inspection often results in inconsistency, subjectivity, and reduced production throughput. This research implements the Roboflow Detection Transformer (RF-DETR), an end-to-end transformer-based object detection architecture, to identify subtle and complex coffee bean defects. The study uses image processing and machine learning with a labeled dataset of 2,010 coffee bean images classified into five defect categories: brown, black, unripe, broken black,…

The batik industry generates wastewater with elevated pH levels due to sodium hydroxide usage in dyeing processes, frequently exceeding the regulatory standard of pH 6–9. Traditional dilution methods prove economically inefficient, necessitating more adaptive control strategies. This research designs and simulates a nonlinear adaptive control system based on Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) for pH neutralization using acetic acid. The Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) mathematical model was developed from mass balance, acid-base equilibrium, and electroneutrality principles, then…

Rapid and accurate monitoring of glucose and uric acid levels is essential for the early detection of metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus and hyperuricemia. This study aims to develop an electrochemical biosensor strip based on a conductive carbon electrode for the detection of glucose and uric acid using glucose oxidase and uricase enzymes. The strip was designed with a three-electrode configuration on an acrylic substrate, which was selected due to its lower resistance and superior coating stability compared to PVC. The signal detection system employed a transimpedance amplifier…

This paper presents the design and development of a twin-motor aeropendulum (half-quadcopter) system as a control systems learning platform using a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The system is implemented using a real plant in the form of a half-quadcopter, an IMU MPU6050 sensor combined with a complementary filter for angle estimation, and an integration of Arduino and Matlab-Simulink for controller design and response visualization. Compared to conventional PID controllers, the FLC is selected due to its ability to handle system nonlinearities without requiring an accurate mathematical…

Pet songbirds require consistent care, but prolonged owner absence often leads to irregular feeding and poor sanitation. Existing IoT-based bird care systems remain fragmented, focusing primarily on single aspects like feeding, while sanitation mechanisms are often mechanically complex or ignored. This study proposes an integrated IoT autonomous bird cage that uniquely combines feeding, watering, and a simplified stepper-motor-driven brush-and-spray cleaning mechanism into a single framework. Controlled by an Arduino Uno R4 WiFi and an RTC module for precise offline scheduling, the system…

Malaria remains a public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in endemic coastal regions where aquatic habitats serve as breeding sites for Anopheles larvae. This study develops a multi-point Internet of Things (IoT)-based aquatic environmental monitoring system to detect conditions that support larval development through real-time measurement of water salinity and temperature. The system employs a WQ7706D digital salinity sensor, an ESP32 microcontroller, and a low-power NRF24L01 wireless communication module. Laboratory testing indicates that the sensor achieves stable readings after a…